I’ve compiled a list of the 14 best humidifiers for baby nurseries that keep your little one comfortable, focusing on quiet operation, easy maintenance, and safety features like auto shut-off. From top-fill models with long runtimes to dual mist and aromatherapy options, these units are perfect for various room sizes. If you want to find the ideal one for your nursery, keep going—there’s lots more to discover.
Key Takeaways
- Choose humidifiers with quiet ultrasonic operation (below 28dB) for peaceful sleep in baby nurseries.
- Opt for models with large tanks (2L-6L) to ensure long runtimes and fewer refills.
- Prioritize units with adjustable mist and 360° nozzles for customized humidity coverage.
- Select top-fill designs for easier refilling and cleaning, promoting hygiene and safety.
- Look for features like auto shut-off, BPA-free materials, and compatibility with essential oils for added safety and comfort.
LEVOIT Top Fill Humidifier with 2.5L Tank
If you’re looking for a humidifier that’s easy to use and maintain in a baby nursery, the LEVOIT Top Fill Humidifier with a 2.5L tank is an excellent choice. Its large tank supports up to 25 hours of quiet operation, perfect for all-night use. The top-fill design makes refilling simple and spill-free, while the big opening and dishwasher-safe parts make cleaning a breeze. With adjustable mist direction and a single knob for control, you can customize humidity easily. Made with BPA-free materials and equipped with auto shut-off, it’s safe and reliable for your little one’s space.
Best For: families seeking a quiet, easy-to-maintain humidifier suitable for nurseries, bedrooms, and large rooms up to 280 sq ft.
Pros:
- Large 2.5L water tank provides up to 25 hours of silent operation, ideal for overnight use.
- Top-fill design simplifies refilling and cleaning, preventing spills and reducing mold buildup.
- Adjustable mist direction and customizable output allow tailored humidity levels for comfort and health.
Cons:
- Slight delay in auto shut-off may require monitoring during low water situations.
- Some users find refilling the tank occasionally challenging once it becomes full or heavy.
- Regular filter replacement is necessary to maintain optimal performance, adding ongoing maintenance.
CHIVALZ 6L Cool Mist Humidifier for Bedroom
The CHIVALZ 6L Cool Mist Humidifier is an excellent choice for parents seeking a reliable, quiet solution to maintain ideal humidity levels in their baby’s nursery. Its large 6L tank provides up to 50 hours of continuous operation, reducing frequent refills. With adjustable mist output up to 300ml/h and a 360° nozzle, it ensures even coverage. The top-fill design makes refilling and cleaning simple, while the soft nightlight creates a calming environment. Its quiet operation at just 26dB allows for peaceful sleep, and the aromatherapy feature adds relaxing scents. Overall, it’s a stylish, user-friendly option for large rooms up to 538 square feet.
Best For: parents and individuals seeking a quiet, large-capacity humidifier with aromatherapy features for bedrooms, nurseries, or large living spaces.
Pros:
- Large 6L water tank provides up to 50 hours of continuous humidification, reducing frequent refills.
- Operates quietly at just 26dB, ensuring peaceful sleep and a calm environment.
- Easy to refill and clean with a top-fill design and included brush, plus adjustable mist output and a 360° nozzle for even coverage.
Cons:
- May be bulky for small spaces due to its large size.
- Requires distilled or purified water for optimal health benefits, which could add to maintenance costs.
- Some users may find the multiple features (aromatherapy, nightlight) unnecessary if only basic humidification is desired.
Frida Baby 3-in-1 Cool Mist Humidifier
The Frida Baby 3-in-1 Cool Mist Humidifier stands out as an ideal choice for parents seeking versatile, easy-to-use solutions for their baby’s nursery. It combines humidifier, nightlight, and essential oil diffuser functions, perfect for large rooms up to 320 sq ft. Its ultrasonic technology creates a soothing, adjustable cool mist with up to 60 hours of runtime, ensuring fewer refills. The top-fill design makes refilling and cleaning a breeze, while features like auto shut-off, a low-water indicator, and whisper-quiet operation prioritize safety and peace. Its sleek, BPA-free tank and calming nightlight make it a stylish, practical addition to any nursery.
Best For: parents and caregivers seeking a versatile, easy-to-maintain humidifier with added features like nightlight and essential oil diffusion for large nursery or bedroom spaces.
Pros:
- Combines humidifier, nightlight, and essential oil diffuser in one device for multifunctionality
- Easy top-fill design and large tank capacity reduce frequent refills and simplify cleaning
- Quiet operation and safety features like auto shut-off and BPA-free materials enhance user experience
Cons:
- Some users find the size bulky or initially cumbersome to position
- Occasional leaks reported by a few customers, requiring attention to setup and maintenance
- Price may be higher compared to basic humidifiers lacking additional features
Vicks 3-in-1 SleepyTime Humidifier with Night-Light and Essential Oil Diffuser
Designed as a versatile 3-in-1 device, the Vicks SleepyTime Humidifier is ideal for parents seeking a safe, multi-functional solution for their baby’s nursery. It combines a cool mist humidifier, a soothing night light, and an essential oil diffuser, creating a calming environment. The visible mist helps alleviate congestion and dry air, promoting easier breathing. Its gentle, color-changing night light adds a relaxing ambiance perfect for bedtime. Safe and filterless, it’s suitable for young children and easy to use. I appreciate how it offers temporary relief during cold and flu seasons while enhancing sleep quality for the whole family.
Best For: parents seeking a safe, versatile, and calming humidifier with night light and essential oil diffusion for their baby’s nursery or children’s rooms.
Pros:
- Combines three functions—humidifier, diffuser, and night light—in one device for added convenience.
- Safe, filterless, and suitable for young children, providing peace of mind.
- Helps improve sleep quality by alleviating congestion and creating a soothing environment.
Cons:
- May require frequent refilling of water for continuous use.
- Some users might find the mist visibility less prominent in well-lit rooms.
- Limited to use with VaporPads or essential oils, which may involve additional purchases.
Dreo 4L Top Fill Humidifier for Bedroom
If you’re looking for a humidifier that can run all night without constant refills, the Dreo 4L Top Fill Humidifier is an excellent choice for bedrooms and nurseries. Its large 4L tank provides up to 36 hours of continuous moisture, ideal for overnight use. The quiet ultrasonic operation at just 28dB guarantees peaceful sleep while easing congestion and dry mouth. It distributes a supersized mist up to 40 inches tall, promoting healthier breathing. The top-fill design makes refilling simple and mess-free, and compatibility with demineralization cartridges prevents white dust. Plus, its aromatherapy feature and ambient lighting make it versatile and soothing for any space.
Best For: those seeking a quiet, long-lasting humidifier for bedrooms or nurseries that offers easy refilling and additional features like aromatherapy and ambient lighting.
Pros:
- Large 4L tank provides up to 36 hours of continuous mist, reducing the need for frequent refills.
- Ultrasonic operation at just 28dB ensures a quiet environment conducive to sleep and relaxation.
- Top-fill design and removable components make refilling and cleaning effortless and mess-free.
Cons:
- The mist height of up to 40 inches may not be adjustable for smaller spaces or specific needs.
- Compatibility with demineralization cartridges may incur additional costs over time.
- Aromatherapy and ambient lighting features may not be suitable for users seeking only basic humidification.
Homvana Ultrasonic Humidifier with 3.6L Capacity and 7-Color Light
For parents seeking a quiet and versatile humidifier for their baby’s nursery, the Homvana Ultrasonic Humidifier stands out with its 3.6L capacity and soothing 7-color mood lighting. It combines cool mist, aromatherapy, and mood lighting in one sleek device, providing up to 34 hours of operation. Its ultrasonic technology keeps noise below 23dB, ensuring undisturbed sleep. You can adjust mist levels and direct airflow for customized comfort. The built-in mood lighting offers calming color options, or you can turn it off entirely. Easy to refill, safe with auto shut-off, and BPA-free, it’s a practical choice for creating a cozy, healthy nursery environment.
Best For: parents seeking a quiet, versatile humidifier with large capacity and soothing ambiance for their baby’s nursery.
Pros:
- Ultra-quiet operation below 23dB ensures peaceful sleep for babies and sensitive users.
- 3.6L tank provides up to 34 hours of continuous humidification, ideal for overnight use.
- Combines aromatherapy, mood lighting, and humidification in a sleek, easy-to-use design.
Cons:
- Actual runtime may vary; some users report less than 12 hours on high mist setting.
- Requires use of distilled water to prevent residue buildup and maintain optimal performance.
- Longer maintenance or cleaning may be needed if flashing lights or other issues occur.
Pure Enrichment PureBaby Ultrasonic Humidifier & Night Light
The Pure Enrichment PureBaby Ultrasonic Humidifier & Night Light stands out as an excellent choice for parents seeking a quiet, compact humidifier that creates a calming nursery environment. Its ultrasonic operation delivers near-silent mist, perfect for bedtime. The 1.5L tank provides up to 25 hours of continuous mist, with adjustable settings and a 360° rotating nozzle for targeted humidity. The soft blue night light adds a gentle glow, promoting better sleep. Compact and lightweight, it fits rooms up to 250 sq ft easily. Users praise its ease of use, durability, and soothing atmosphere, making it a reliable addition to any baby’s nursery.
Best For: parents and caregivers looking for a quiet, compact humidifier with soothing night light features suitable for small nurseries or kids’ bedrooms up to 250 sq ft.
Pros:
- Ultrasonic operation provides near-silent mist delivery ideal for bedtime.
- Easy to refill, clean, and maintain, with durable components and simple operation.
- Adjustable mist settings and a 360° rotating nozzle allow customized humidity targeting.
Cons:
- May be insufficient for larger rooms over 500 sq ft.
- Some users experience leakage or water spillage after prolonged use.
- Occasional issues with the power indicator light malfunctioning or units arriving used or defective.
AquaOasis Cool Mist Humidifier (2.2L Water Tank)
The AquaOasis Cool Mist Humidifier with a 2.2L water tank stands out as an excellent choice for parents seeking a quiet, reliable option for their baby’s nursery. It uses ultrasonic technology to deliver immediate relief from dry air, operating silently without humming or crackling sounds. The adjustable mist levels and 360° rotating nozzle let me customize mist direction and flow. Its compact size fits easily on nightstands, and the large tank lasts over 26 hours, making it hassle-free. With automatic shut-off for safety and easy cleaning, it’s a user-friendly device that promotes healthier, more comfortable sleep for my little one.
Best For: parents seeking a quiet, reliable humidifier for their baby’s nursery to promote healthier sleep and comfort.
Pros:
- Ultrasonic technology provides silent operation, ideal for nurseries and bedrooms.
- Large 2.2L tank lasts over 26 hours, reducing frequent refills.
- Adjustable mist levels and 360° rotating nozzle allow customizable airflow and targeted relief.
Cons:
- Some users report a lifespan of around 1.5 years before malfunctioning.
- Not suitable for use with essential oils or non-water liquids, limiting aromatherapy options.
- Size may be less effective for very large rooms over 400 sq ft.
2L Cool Mist Humidifier with Adjustable Nozzle
A 2L cool mist humidifier with an adjustable nozzle offers precise control over mist direction, making it an ideal choice for parents who want to customize humidity in their baby’s nursery. It provides up to 20 hours of continuous operation, ensuring all-night comfort. The 360° adjustable nozzle allows you to direct mist exactly where needed, while multiple mist levels let you fine-tune humidity levels. It’s compatible with essential oils for aromatherapy, creating a calming environment. With ultra-quiet operation, a night mode, and BPA-free construction, it’s safe and peaceful. Easy to refill and clean, this humidifier makes maintaining a healthy nursery simple and worry-free.
Best For: parents and caregivers seeking a safe, customizable humidifier to maintain a comfortable, peaceful nursery environment for babies and sensitive individuals.
Pros:
- Adjustable 360° nozzle allows precise mist direction customization.
- Up to 20 hours of continuous operation with a 2L water tank, ideal for overnight use.
- Compatible with essential oils for aromatherapy, enhancing relaxation and sleep quality.
Cons:
- May require regular cleaning to prevent mineral buildup due to water mineral content.
- Slightly larger size may be less portable for travel or small spaces.
- Limited to two mist levels, which might not suit all preferences for humidity control.
Frida Baby 3-in-1 XL Humidifier with Diffuser
If you’re looking for a versatile humidifier that can handle large nursery spaces, the Frida Baby 3-in-1 XL Humidifier with Diffuser stands out with its impressive 6-liter tank, providing up to 60 hours of continuous cool mist. It’s designed for rooms up to 600 sq ft, making it perfect for nurseries, bedrooms, or living areas. The top-fill design makes refilling easy without spills, and the large opening simplifies cleaning. It features filter-free operation, 360-degree dual-mist spouts for adjustable direction, and a quiet operation. Plus, it offers a nightlight and essential oil diffuser, creating a soothing environment for your little one.
Best For: families and caregivers seeking a large-capacity, versatile humidifier with aromatherapy options for nurseries, bedrooms, or living spaces up to 600 sq ft.
Pros:
- Large 6L tank provides up to 60 hours of continuous humidification, reducing frequent refills
- Top-fill design and large opening make refilling and cleaning simple and spill-free
- Features adjustable mist direction, nightlight, and essential oil diffuser for customized comfort and ambiance
Cons:
- Being larger in size may require more storage space or careful placement
- No filter replacement needed, but some users may prefer filter-based models for added purity
- Whisper-quiet operation is ideal for sleep but may be less noticeable in very noisy environments
Humidifiers for Bedroom, 2.0L Cool Mist Ultrasonic Humidifier
For those seeking a quiet and compact humidifier suitable for bedrooms, the 2.0L Cool Mist Ultrasonic Humidifier stands out. Its 2.0-liter capacity provides up to 24 hours of mist on low, making it perfect for overnight use. The ultrasonic technology keeps noise levels below 26 decibels, so it won’t disturb your sleep. With adjustable mist levels and a 360° nozzle, you can target humidity precisely where you need it. Its sleek, space-saving design fits easily on nightstands, and the one-touch controls make operation simple. Plus, features like auto shut-off and easy cleaning guarantee safe, hassle-free performance every night.
Best For: those who need a quiet, space-saving humidifier for bedroom use with long-lasting mist and simple operation.
Pros:
- Ultra-quiet operation below 26 decibels, ideal for light sleepers.
- Compact and sleek design fits seamlessly on nightstands and small spaces.
- Easy to clean with a detachable water tank and included cleaning brush.
Cons:
- Limited to 2.0L capacity, may require refilling for extended use beyond 24 hours.
- No built-in humidistat for automatic humidity regulation.
- May need manual adjustment of mist levels depending on room conditions.
LEVOIT Humidifier for Bedroom with 3L Tank
The LEVOIT Humidifier with a 3L tank stands out as an excellent choice for parents seeking a quiet, reliable device to maintain ideal humidity levels in large bedrooms or nurseries. With up to 25 hours of continuous humidification, it’s perfect for overnight use, and its whisper-quiet operation guarantees peaceful sleep. The 360° rotating nozzle allows me to direct mist where needed, while the top-fill design makes refilling easy. It’s BPA-free, ETL certified, and compatible with essential oils, making it versatile. Regular cleaning with distilled water keeps it running smoothly, ensuring my little one breathes comfortably and sleeps soundly through the night.
Best For: parents and individuals seeking a quiet, easy-to-use humidifier with aromatherapy capabilities for large bedrooms or nurseries to ensure comfortable and healthy sleep.
Pros:
- Quiet operation at ≤28dB, ideal for peaceful sleep environments
- Large 3L tank provides up to 25 hours of continuous humidification
- Easy top-fill design and adjustable mist direction for convenient use
Cons:
- Regular cleaning with distilled water is necessary to prevent mold and mineral buildup
- Using essential oils may require careful cleaning to avoid residue and damage
- Some users may find the need for periodic filter replacements adds to maintenance
Vicks Warm Steam Vaporizer for Small to Medium Rooms
Vicks Warm Steam Vaporizer stands out as an excellent choice for parents seeking a reliable humidifier for small to medium rooms. With its 1.5-gallon tank, it’s perfect for bedrooms and indoor spaces where moisture is needed most. It works with Vicks VapoPads and VapoSteam to provide soothing warm mist that eases coughs, congestion, and dry air discomfort. The unit features a night light for gentle illumination and a wide opening for easy cleaning. Quick to set up and simple to operate, it helps maintain ideal humidity levels, promoting better sleep and healthier breathing for your little one.
Best For: parents seeking an easy-to-use, reliable humidifier for small to medium rooms to promote better sleep and respiratory comfort for children and adults.
Pros:
- Provides soothing warm mist to relieve coughs, congestion, and dry air discomfort.
- Features a wide tank opening for quick cleaning and refilling.
- Includes a night light to create a gentle, calming bedtime environment.
Cons:
- Works with VapoSteam and VapoPads which are sold separately, requiring additional purchase.
- May require regular cleaning to prevent mineral buildup in the tank.
- Designed for small to medium rooms; less effective in larger spaces.
MegaWise Ultrasonic Cool Mist Humidifier (SK7620)
If you’re looking for a compact and quiet humidifier that seamlessly fits into a nursery, the MegaWise Ultrasonic Cool Mist Humidifier (SK7620) is an excellent choice. Its 0.5-gallon tank provides up to 20 hours of continuous mist, perfect for overnight use. The modern design blends well with any nursery decor, while ultrasonic technology ensures whisper-quiet operation, so your baby isn’t disturbed. You can easily adjust the mist output to maintain ideal humidity levels. Plus, it features auto shut-off for safety when water runs low. Overall, it’s a reliable, stylish, and gentle addition to keep your little one comfortable and breathing easy.
Best For: those seeking a compact, quiet, and stylish humidifier ideal for nurseries, bedrooms, or small to medium-sized rooms.
Pros:
- Ultrasonic technology offers whisper-quiet operation for undisturbed sleep or work.
- 0.5-gallon tank provides up to 20 hours of continuous mist, suitable for overnight use.
- Modern, aesthetic design easily blends into various home or nursery decor.
Cons:
- May have limited coverage for larger rooms beyond small to medium sizes.
- Requires regular refilling due to its small water tank capacity.
- Adjusting mist output may require manual tuning for optimal humidity control.
Factors to Consider When Choosing Humidifiers for Baby Nursery
When choosing a humidifier for a baby’s nursery, I consider factors like the right type for the space and how quiet it runs to avoid disturbing sleep. I also pay attention to water safety, ease of refilling, and cleaning, ensuring it’s safe and simple to maintain. finally, I check if it’s suitable for the room size to make sure it provides the right level of humidity.
Humidifier Type Compatibility
Choosing the right humidifier for a baby’s nursery depends on understanding how different types suit specific needs and environments. Ultrasonic humidifiers are popular because they operate quietly and produce fine mist, making them ideal for nurseries where noise matters. Evaporative models use a fan and wick filter to add moisture gently, helping prevent over-humidification and mold growth. Warm mist units sterilize water by boiling, providing sanitized moisture but pose burn risks, so they need careful placement. Cool mist humidifiers are safer for babies, as they don’t involve hot water, reducing injury concerns. When selecting a humidifier, consider size, capacity, and features to match your nursery’s specific needs, guaranteeing ideal moisture levels without overdoing it. Compatibility ensures safety, efficiency, and comfort for your little one.
Noise Level Considerations
Ensuring a peaceful sleep environment in your baby’s nursery means paying close attention to the humidifier’s noise level. Ideally, it should operate below 30dB to avoid disturbing your little one’s rest. Ultrasonic humidifiers are excellent choices because they run quietly—around 20-28dB—and are less likely to wake your baby. A noise level of 26dB or lower is generally considered perfect for nurseries, maintaining a calm atmosphere. Some humidifiers come with “whisper-quiet” or sleep modes, further reducing operational sounds during nighttime. Excessive noise can cause sleep disruptions or discomfort, so always check product specifications for decibel ratings before purchasing. Choosing a quiet model helps guarantee your baby sleeps soundly and peacefully throughout the night.
Water Quality and Safety
Selecting a humidifier for your baby’s nursery means paying close attention to water quality and safety. Using purified or distilled water helps reduce mineral deposits, white dust, and bacteria growth, ensuring cleaner air for your little one. Choosing humidifiers with BPA-free components minimizes the risk of chemical leaching, keeping toxins away from your baby. Regularly cleaning and disinfecting the water tank prevents mold, bacteria, and fungi buildup, maintaining a hygienic environment. An auto shut-off feature, which activates when water runs low, prevents the device from overheating or malfunctioning, safeguarding your baby’s health. Ultimately, avoid adding essential oils or non-approved liquids, as they can cause respiratory irritation or damage the equipment. Prioritizing these factors ensures a safe, healthy humidification experience for your baby.
Ease of Refill and Cleanup
When picking a humidifier for your baby’s nursery, ease of refill and cleanup should be top priorities, since regular maintenance is essential for safe, hygienic operation. Look for models with top-fill designs, which make refilling simple without tipping or removing the tank, reducing spills. Choose humidifiers with wide openings and easy access to internal parts for effortless cleaning and maintenance. Regularly cleaning the water tank and components prevents mold, bacteria, and mineral buildup, ensuring your baby’s safety. Opt for units with removable, dishwasher-safe parts to make thorough cleaning easier. Additionally, consider models with automatic shut-off features that activate when water runs low, protecting the device and maintaining hygiene. These features save time and help keep your nursery safe and healthy.
Room Size Suitability
Choosing a humidifier that fits the size of your baby’s nursery helps maintain proper humidity levels and avoids over- or under-humidifying. Most models are designed for rooms between 250 and 600 square feet, so selecting one that matches your nursery’s size ensures effective coverage. For larger rooms, opt for models with bigger tanks and longer run times to reduce frequent refills. If your nursery is smaller, under 250 square feet, a compact humidifier with lower capacity is ideal, saving space and energy. Always check the product specifications for maximum room size suitability to prevent over-humidifying, which can cause dampness and mold. Proper placement—on a high, flat surface away from walls—also helps the humidifier perform excellently in your room’s size.
Additional Features Benefits
Adding extra features to a humidifier can considerably enhance its functionality and the overall nursery environment. For example, nightlights and essential oil diffusers create a soothing atmosphere that promotes better sleep and relaxation. Adjustable mist directions let me customize humidity levels in different areas of the nursery, while safety features like auto shut-off and low-water indicators give me peace of mind. Multi-function models that combine humidification with aromatherapy or mood lighting help create a calming space, making bedtime more comfortable. Ease of cleaning, thanks to wide openings or removable tanks, reduces mold and bacteria buildup, ensuring healthier air. Additionally, programmable timers and quiet operation modes support uninterrupted sleep, making the humidifier more convenient and effective for both my baby and me.
Frequently Asked Questions
How Do I Clean and Maintain a Baby Humidifier Safely?
To clean a baby humidifier safely, I empty the water daily and wipe it with a soft cloth. I do a full cleaning weekly using a mixture of vinegar and water to remove mineral buildup. I always rinse thoroughly and let it dry completely before refilling. This routine keeps mold and bacteria at bay, ensuring my little one breathes clean, humidified air without any health risks.
What Is the Ideal Humidity Level for a Baby Nursery?
The ideal humidity level for a baby nursery is between 40% and 50%. I make sure to keep the humidity within this range because it helps prevent dry skin, congestion, and promotes easier breathing. Using a hygrometer, I regularly monitor the levels to avoid excess moisture, which can cause mold or mildew. Maintaining proper humidity creates a comfortable, healthy environment for my little one.
Are Certain Humidifiers Better for Babies With Allergies or Asthma?
Absolutely, certain humidifiers are better for babies with allergies or asthma. I’ve found that ultrasonic or cool-mist humidifiers with a built-in air purifier help diminish allergens and airborne irritants. They’re quiet, safe, and don’t produce bacteria or mold as often. I always choose models with filters and easy cleaning features, so I can guarantee my little one breathes comfortably without added risks.
Can Humidifiers Help With Common Cold Symptoms in Infants?
Yes, humidifiers can help with common cold symptoms in infants. They add moisture to the air, which can soothe a stuffy nose, ease coughing, and improve breathing. I’ve seen how a cool-mist humidifier makes a big difference in helping my little one breathe more comfortably and sleep better when they’re congested. Just make sure to keep the device clean to prevent mold and bacteria buildup.
What Safety Features Should I Look for in a Baby Humidifier?
Imagine a tiny fortress guarding your baby’s peace—safety features are that fortress’s walls. Look for automatic shut-off to prevent over-humidifying, a tip-top water filter to keep bad germs out, and a quiet operation to avoid disturbing sleep. Also, consider models with essential safety certifications. These features guarantee your little one’s comfort without turning the nursery into a humid jungle or a noisy humdrum.
Conclusion
So, after all this, it turns out picking a humidifier for your little one’s nursery isn’t just about finding the fanciest model. Who knew that something as simple as adding moisture could become so complex? But hey, if you manage to pick the right one, you might just find that a little extra humidity isn’t such a bad thing—at least until you realize you’ve turned your nursery into a mini rainforest.
