If you’re looking for the best smart thermostats for effortless home climate control in 2025, I recommend options like Ecobee, Nest, Honeywell, and Sensibo, which offer user-friendly interfaces, energy-saving features, and seamless smart home integration. These models support various HVAC systems, include occupancy sensors, and provide remote control for convenience. Want to discover which one fits your home perfectly? Keep going—you’ll find all the details you need to make an informed choice.
Key Takeaways
- The list includes top-rated smart thermostats like ecobee, Nest, Honeywell, Sensibo, and Amazon, known for ease of use and advanced features.
- These thermostats support popular voice assistants (Alexa, Google Assistant, Apple HomeKit) for effortless control.
- They offer smart scheduling, occupancy sensing, and energy reports to optimize home comfort and reduce energy bills.
- Compatibility varies, with most models supporting common 24V HVAC systems and easy installation options.
- The selection emphasizes user-friendly interfaces, remote access, and automation features for seamless home climate management in 2025.
Emerson Sensi Touch Wi-Fi Smart Thermostat
If you’re looking for a smart thermostat that combines style, ease of installation, and energy savings, the Emerson Sensi Touch Wi-Fi Smart Thermostat is an excellent choice. Its sleek, modern design with a 4.3-inch color touchscreen makes it both functional and attractive. Installation is straightforward with included hardware and step-by-step app instructions, and it suits most HVAC systems thanks to its common wire requirement. With Wi-Fi connectivity, you can control it remotely via the Sensi app, and it supports voice commands through Alexa, Google Assistant, and Apple HomeKit. Plus, it helps reduce energy bills by approximately 23%, making it a smart investment.
Best For: homeowners seeking an energy-efficient, stylish, and easy-to-install smart thermostat compatible with major smart home systems.
Pros:
- Sleek, modern touchscreen design with clear display for easy operation
- Supports remote control and voice commands via popular smart home platforms like Alexa, Google Assistant, and Apple HomeKit
- Helps save approximately 23% on HVAC energy costs with programmable scheduling and energy reports
Cons:
- Requires a common (c-wire) for installation, which may not be available in all homes
- Limited to AC/DC power and one AA battery, which may impact installation options in some setups
- As a Wi-Fi device, it depends on a stable internet connection for full functionality
Honeywell Home Smart Color Wi-Fi Thermostat
The Honeywell Home Smart Color Wi-Fi Thermostat stands out for those seeking a customizable and visually appealing way to manage their home climate effortlessly. Its high-definition, color touchscreen display can be personalized to match your décor and shows indoor/outdoor temperature, humidity, and weather forecasts. It supports flexible scheduling, smart response technology, and remote control via app or popular smart home platforms like Alexa and Google Assistant. Certified ENERGY STAR, it helps save energy by tracking patterns and offering personalized tips. Installation is straightforward, but verifying compatibility and power needs is essential. Overall, it’s a sleek, reliable choice for modern homeowners wanting seamless climate control.
Best For: homeowners seeking a customizable, easy-to-use smart thermostat that enhances energy efficiency and integrates seamlessly with smart home systems.
Pros:
- High-definition, customizable color touchscreen display for a personalized look
- Supports remote control via app and voice assistants like Alexa and Google Assistant
- ENERGY STAR certified, helping to reduce energy costs and environmental impact
Cons:
- Limited fan control options (only ON, AUTO, CIRCULATING) may not suit all preferences
- Some users experience delicate wire connectors during installation
- Humidity measurement can be inconsistent compared to external humidistats
ecobee Smart Thermostat Enhanced, Programmable Wifi Thermostat
The ecobee Smart Thermostat Enhanced stands out for its automatic energy-saving features, making it an excellent choice for homeowners seeking to reduce heating and cooling costs without sacrificing comfort. It adjusts temperatures based on occupancy, schedules, and humidity, saving up to 26% annually. The device preheats or precools your home before you arrive and maintains comfort during sleep. Compatible with most 24 VAC systems and equipped with a Power Extender Kit for easy installation, it offers a sleek touchscreen, app control, and smart home integrations like Alexa and Apple HomeKit. Its intelligent algorithms adapt to your habits, optimizing energy use while keeping your home comfortable.
Best For: homeowners seeking an energy-efficient, easy-to-use smart thermostat with modern design and seamless smart home integration.
Pros:
- Automates energy savings with occupancy and humidity adjustments, reducing costs up to 26% annually.
- Compatible with most 24 VAC HVAC systems and includes a Power Extender Kit for simple installation without a C-wire.
- Features a sleek touchscreen, app control, and integrates with popular smart home platforms like Alexa, Apple HomeKit, and Google Assistant.
Cons:
- Some users report product failures after a few months and difficulty with customer support.
- Installation can be complex, especially in homes without standard wiring, often requiring professional assistance.
- Occasional issues with reliability and compatibility, particularly in older or complex HVAC setups.
ecobee Smart Thermostat Premium with Sensors and Air Quality Monitor
For homeowners seeking precise temperature control and improved air quality, the ecobee Smart Thermostat Premium with Sensors and Air Quality Monitor stands out as a top choice. It can cut heating and cooling costs by up to 26% annually and is ENERGY STAR certified. The included SmartSensor helps eliminate hot and cold spots by adjusting room temperatures based on occupancy. Its built-in air quality monitor alerts you to poor air conditions and offers tips for improvement. Additional features include smoke alarm detection, occupancy sensing via geofencing, and alerts for open windows or doors that pause your HVAC, all supporting smarter, energy-efficient home climate management.
Best For: homeowners seeking precise climate control, energy savings, and enhanced air quality management through a smart, compatible thermostat.
Pros:
- Significantly reduces energy costs by up to 26% annually with smart scheduling and occupancy sensing.
- Includes SmartSensor to eliminate hot and cold spots, improving comfort in multiple rooms.
- Built-in air quality monitor provides real-time alerts and tips to maintain healthy indoor air.
Cons:
- Installation can be complex, often requiring professional help and additional wiring.
- Some users experience challenges with sensor pairing and setup instructions.
- Compatibility and integration may vary depending on existing HVAC systems and smart home ecosystems.
ecobee Smart Thermostat Enhanced, Programmable Wifi Thermostat
If you’re looking for a smart thermostat that combines automatic energy savings with seamless compatibility, the ecobee Smart Thermostat Enhanced is an excellent choice. It adjusts temperature based on occupancy, schedules, and humidity, saving up to 26% annually on energy costs. It’s compatible with most 24 VAC HVAC systems, including gas, electric, and heat pumps, and comes with a Power Extender Kit for homes without a C-wire. The sleek LCD touchscreen, app control, and integration with platforms like Alexa and Apple HomeKit make it user-friendly. Plus, optional SmartSensors enhance zone control, ensuring consistent comfort while you save energy effortlessly.
Best For: homeowners seeking an energy-efficient, easily integrated smart thermostat with modern design and smart home compatibility.
Pros:
- Automates energy savings by adjusting temperatures based on occupancy, schedule, and humidity.
- Compatible with a wide range of 24 VAC HVAC systems, including heat pumps and boilers.
- Features a sleek LCD touchscreen, app control, and integration with platforms like Alexa and Apple HomeKit.
Cons:
- Some users experience product failures or reliability issues after a few months.
- Installation can be complex, often requiring professional help, especially for homes without a C-wire.
- Customer support and after-sales service have been reported as unhelpful or difficult to access.
Amazon Smart Thermostat with Alexa Compatibility
Homeowners seeking a budget-friendly yet reliable smart thermostat will find the Amazon Smart Thermostat with Alexa compatibility an excellent choice, especially if they already use Alexa-enabled devices. This first-generation model supports most 24V HVAC systems, including force air, heat pumps, and radiant boilers, though it’s not compatible with 110-240V systems like electric baseboards. It’s easy to install using the Alexa app, with options for a C-wire or power adapter. Designed with Honeywell technology, it offers on-device controls, app management, and integration with Alexa and Ring. Overall, it’s a cost-effective, user-friendly option that delivers smart comfort and energy savings.
Best For: homeowners seeking an affordable, reliable smart thermostat that seamlessly integrates with Alexa and supports most 24V HVAC systems.
Pros:
- Easy DIY installation with guided setup via the Alexa app
- Supports a variety of HVAC systems, including heat pumps and radiant boilers
- Offers app control, voice commands, and integration with Alexa and Ring for convenient management
Cons:
- Not compatible with 110-240V systems like electric baseboard heat
- Limited scheduling options and occasional app stability issues on older Android devices
- Early firmware updates had some network reconnection and performance limitations
ecobee Smart Thermostat Essential, Wi-Fi Programmable Thermostat
The ecobee Smart Thermostat Essential stands out as an ideal choice for budget-conscious users seeking reliable energy savings and easy installation. It can save up to 23% annually on heating and cooling costs, often paying for itself within six months. Compatible with 85% of HVAC systems and easy to install—no C-wire needed with the optional Power Extender Kit—it’s perfect for DIY setups. Its sleek design, live weather display, and intuitive touchscreen make control simple. With support for smart home platforms like Apple HomeKit, Google Assistant, and Alexa, you can manage your climate remotely. Users praise its dependability, energy savings, and straightforward setup.
Best For: budget-conscious homeowners seeking a reliable, easy-to-install smart thermostat compatible with most HVAC systems and supporting smart home integration.
Pros:
- Saves up to 23% annually on energy costs, often recouping the investment in six months
- Easy DIY installation with no C-wire needed using the optional Power Extender Kit
- Compatible with major smart home platforms like Apple HomeKit, Google Assistant, and Alexa
Cons:
- Slight temperature discrepancies compared to higher-end models
- Limited advanced features found in more expensive thermostats
- Some users experience minor issues with app connectivity or screen resolution
Google Nest Thermostat, Programmable WiFi Thermostat
The Google Nest Thermostat stands out for its seamless remote control capabilities, making it ideal for busy households seeking effortless climate management. You can easily adjust the temperature from anywhere using the Google Home app on your phone, tablet, or laptop. It’s compatible with most systems and doesn’t always need a C wire, simplifying installation. The thermostat learns your schedule, suggests savings tips, and automatically turns down when you’re away to save energy. Plus, it monitors your HVAC system for issues and sends alerts if needed. Its sleek design and automation features make maintaining a comfortable home simpler and more efficient.
Best For: households seeking a user-friendly, energy-efficient smart thermostat that can be controlled remotely and offers automatic scheduling and system monitoring.
Pros:
- Easy remote control via Google Home app on multiple devices
- Compatible with most HVAC systems and often does not require a C wire
- Features energy-saving schedules, auto-away mode, and HVAC monitoring alerts
Cons:
- Some system types like heating-only or zone-controlled setups may need additional accessories or wiring
- No lock feature to restrict access or control
- Setup and compatibility check may require online tools to ensure proper integration
Google Nest Learning Thermostat (4th Gen, 2024)
If you value a sleek design combined with advanced learning capabilities, the Google Nest Learning Thermostat (4th Gen, 2024) is an excellent choice. Its polished silver, minimal aesthetic blends seamlessly into modern homes, while the 60% larger touchscreen and dynamic Farsight make it easy to read and control. It learns your routines to optimize comfort and energy savings—reducing heating bills by 12% and cooling bills by 15%. Compatible with most HVAC systems, it supports remote control via Wi-Fi and voice commands. While setup is straightforward, some wiring issues and support inconsistencies may arise, so tech-savvy users will appreciate its smart features and stylish design.
Best For: tech-savvy homeowners seeking a stylish, intelligent thermostat with advanced learning features and seamless smart home integration.
Pros:
- Sleek, modern design with a large, easy-to-read touchscreen display
- Learns routines to optimize comfort and significantly reduce energy bills
- Supports voice control and remote management via Wi-Fi and compatible voice assistants
Cons:
- Possible wiring compatibility issues, especially with the 4th gen model
- Inconsistent customer support and troubleshooting assistance
- Higher price point that may not justify costs for casual users
Sensibo Air PRO Smart AC Controller & Air Quality Sensor
For anyone seeking to upgrade their existing cooling or heating system into a smart, energy-efficient setup, the Sensibo Air PRO Smart AC Controller & Air Quality Sensor is an excellent choice. It transforms traditional units like mini splits, window ACs, and heat pumps into smart devices, compatible with Apple HomeKit, Google Home, and Alexa. The built-in air quality sensor continuously monitors indoor air, supporting healthier living. With features like remote control via app, geofencing, and climate React, it optimizes energy use and maintains a comfortable environment. Easy to install and operate, it’s a versatile solution for smarter climate management at home.
Best For: homeowners and renters looking to upgrade their existing cooling and heating systems into smart, energy-efficient setups with air quality monitoring.
Pros:
- Compatible with various AC types including mini splits, window units, and heat pumps.
- Built-in air quality sensor promotes healthier indoor environments.
- Easy installation with app control, no tools required, and seamless integration with smart home systems.
Cons:
- Slightly higher price point compared to basic remote controllers.
- Requires WiFi or Bluetooth connection for full functionality.
- Limited to devices compatible with Apple HomeKit, Google Home, and Alexa, which may exclude some smart home ecosystems.
ecobee Smart Thermostat Premium 2-Pack
When seeking an all-in-one solution for maintaining excellent home comfort and air quality, the ecobee Smart Thermostat Premium 2-Pack stands out as an excellent choice. I appreciate its support for Siri and Alexa, making voice control seamless. It features a built-in air quality monitor and includes two SmartSensors to optimize temperature and air flow in key rooms. With Wi-Fi connectivity and a sleek LCD display, I can control it remotely or via voice commands. It helps save up to 26% on energy costs and is ENERGY STAR certified. Plus, its home security features with contact sensors add extra peace of mind, making it a versatile and efficient upgrade.
Best For: homeowners seeking an energy-efficient, smart home climate control system with integrated air quality monitoring and home security features.
Pros:
- Supports voice control via Siri and Alexa for seamless operation.
- Includes built-in air quality monitor and SmartSensors for optimal temperature and air flow management.
- Helps save up to 26% annually on energy costs and is ENERGY STAR certified.
Cons:
- Requires a hardwired power source, which may not be suitable for all installations.
- Additional costs for optional Smart Security subscription to access advanced security alerts.
- Slightly higher price point compared to basic thermostats, though offset by features and energy savings.
Non-Programmable Digital Thermostat for House
The Miuputake 3001-Blue non-programmable digital thermostat stands out for those seeking simple, reliable temperature control without the complexity of programming. Its push buttons, touch controls, and LCD display with blue backlight make adjusting the temperature straightforward. It works with single-stage heating and cooling systems, requiring no C-wire for most setups. Easy to install, it takes about 30 minutes and fits standard wall mounts. Battery-powered or 24VAC options add flexibility. With features like separate heating and cooling swings, low battery alerts, and Wi-Fi connectivity, this thermostat offers a cost-effective, hassle-free way to maintain comfort and save energy.
Best For: homeowners seeking a simple, reliable, non-programmable thermostat for single-stage heating and cooling systems without the need for complex setup or programming.
Pros:
- Easy DIY installation within 30 minutes with universal terminal support
- No C-wire required for most systems, offering flexible power options
- Clear LCD display with blue backlight and user-friendly touch controls
Cons:
- Limited to single-stage systems; incompatible with multistage or heat pump setups
- Not suitable for electric baseboard or hydronic systems requiring higher voltage
- May not support advanced features like scheduling or multi-zone control
Non-Programmable Digital Thermostat for Home
A non-programmable digital thermostat offers straightforward temperature control without the complexity of advanced scheduling features, making it ideal for those who prefer simple, reliable operation. It works with various systems like forced air, electric furnaces, and hot water steam, but isn’t compatible with heat pumps with auxiliary heat or electric baseboards. Installation is quick—usually within 30 minutes—and features a clear backlit LCD display. You can adjust the temperature, calibrate readings, and switch units easily. It’s powered by 24VAC or batteries and doesn’t require a C-wire for most systems, making it a practical, user-friendly choice for basic home climate control.
Best For: homeowners seeking a simple, reliable, and easy-to-install digital thermostat for basic heating and cooling systems without the need for programming or advanced features.
Pros:
- Easy installation within 30 minutes with user-friendly controls
- Compatible with a wide range of heating systems including forced air, hot water steam, and electric furnace
- Clear, backlit LCD display for easy temperature reading in any lighting condition
Cons:
- Not suitable for heat pumps with auxiliary/emergency heat or electric baseboard systems
- Limited to single-stage systems with 1 heat and 1 cool only
- Lacks advanced programming and scheduling features for complex climate control
Emerson Sensi Touch Wi-Fi Smart Thermostat
If you’re seeking a sleek, user-friendly smart thermostat that offers seamless compatibility with popular voice assistants and smart home systems, the Emerson Sensi Touch Wi-Fi Smart Thermostat is an excellent choice. Its modern rectangular design features a vivid 4.3-inch touchscreen, making temperature adjustments intuitive. It supports Wi-Fi for remote control via Android and iOS, and works with Alexa, Apple HomeKit, Google Assistant, and more. Easy to install with included hardware, it meets Energy Star standards for efficiency. Plus, it helps save around 23% on energy costs, monitors HVAC performance, and provides maintenance alerts, making it a reliable, smart upgrade for your home.
Best For: homeowners seeking a sleek, easy-to-use smart thermostat with robust smart home compatibility and energy-saving features.
Pros:
- Modern design with a bright 4.3-inch touchscreen for intuitive control
- Compatible with popular voice assistants like Alexa, Google Assistant, and Apple HomeKit
- Supports remote access and scheduling to help save approximately 23% on energy costs
Cons:
- Requires a common (c-wire) for installation, which may not be present in all homes
- Slightly larger dimensions may be less suitable for tight wall spaces
- Limited to one AA battery for backup, which might need replacement over time
Factors to Consider When Choosing Smart Thermostats
When choosing a smart thermostat, I focus on compatibility with my HVAC system and how easy it is to install. I also consider how well it integrates with my existing smart home devices and whether it offers useful energy-saving features. Finally, I look for a user-friendly interface to guarantee I can control it effortlessly.
Compatibility With HVAC Systems
Choosing a smart thermostat requires guaranteeing it’s compatible with your specific HVAC system to work effectively. First, check that the thermostat supports your system type, whether it’s forced air, heat pumps, boilers, or electric systems. Most residential units operate at 24V, so verifying voltage compatibility is essential. Additionally, see if your system needs a C-wire for power; some thermostats can run without one using alternatives like a Power Extender Kit. Also, confirm whether the thermostat supports advanced features like multi-stage heating or cooling and zone control, which are crucial for complex setups. Finally, review manufacturer specifications to ensure compatibility with your system’s control options, such as single-stage or multi-zone configurations. Proper compatibility guarantees seamless operation and full functionality.
Ease of Installation
Installing a smart thermostat can be straightforward, especially with models designed for DIY setup. Many come with built-in level tools, illuminated terminals, and step-by-step app instructions that make the process easier. Compatibility with your existing HVAC wiring, particularly the presence of a common (C) wire, plays a big role in how simple installation will be. For homes lacking a C-wire, some models include Power Extender Kits (PEK) or adapters to help bypass this issue. The complexity can vary depending on your system type—single-stage, multi-stage, or heat pump—some configurations might require professional help. Clear wiring instructions and user-friendly mounting hardware are essential, making the whole process smoother and less frustrating for homeowners enthusiastic to upgrade without hassle.
Smart Home Integration
Integrating your smart thermostat with your existing home systems can substantially enhance convenience and automation. Make certain it supports platforms like Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, Apple HomeKit, or SmartThings, so voice commands and routines work smoothly. Check compatibility with your HVAC system—whether it’s forced air, heat pump, or boiler—to guarantee reliable remote control and smart features. Remote access via dedicated apps is essential, allowing you to monitor and adjust your home’s temperature from anywhere. Consider compatibility with additional sensors, cameras, or air quality monitors for a more exhaustive environmental control. Finally, look for geofencing capabilities, which automatically adjust settings based on your location, helping you save energy and stay comfortable effortlessly.
Energy Saving Features
When selecting a smart thermostat, focusing on energy-saving features can make a significant difference in reducing your utility bills and environmental impact. Look for models with programmable scheduling and auto mode, which help optimize heating and cooling based on your routines. Features like occupancy sensors, geofencing, and adaptive learning can automatically adjust temperatures when you’re away or asleep, preventing unnecessary energy use. Compatibility with energy-efficient HVAC systems, such as heat pumps with dual fuel or multi-stage setups, boosts overall efficiency. Energy reports and usage analytics are valuable tools for tracking consumption patterns and identifying additional savings. Ultimately, choosing thermostats with ENERGY STAR certification ensures they meet strict energy efficiency standards, helping you save more over time while supporting sustainability.
User Interface Simplicity
Choosing a smart thermostat with a simple user interface can make managing your home’s climate much easier. Clear controls and easy navigation streamline setup and daily adjustments, saving you time and frustration. Responsive touchscreen displays and straightforward menus allow you to quickly change settings without confusion. Minimalistic designs with intuitive icons and labels make operation accessible for everyone, regardless of tech experience. Features like one-touch scheduling, quick temperature adjustments, and visible status indicators further enhance usability. Additionally, interfaces that support voice commands and remote app control add convenience, letting you manage your thermostat effortlessly from anywhere. Prioritizing simplicity in design guarantees that using your smart thermostat becomes a seamless part of your daily routine, making home climate control both efficient and user-friendly.
Privacy and Security
Ensuring your smart thermostat maintains your privacy and security is just as important as its ease of use. I recommend choosing a device that uses encrypted data protocols like TLS to protect your personal information during remote access. It’s essential to verify the manufacturer’s privacy policy—make sure they don’t sell or share your data without your consent. Opt for thermostats with local control options that don’t rely solely on internet connectivity, reducing hacking risks. Regular firmware updates are vital to patch security vulnerabilities and keep your system protected. Additionally, look for features like multi-factor authentication and secure login options, which help prevent unauthorized access. Prioritizing these factors gives you peace of mind and keeps your home’s climate control both smart and safe.
Cost and Budget
Smart thermostats come in a wide range of prices, from about $50 for basic models to over $250 for advanced features. Budget options typically handle essential temperature control but may lack extras like remote sensors, voice control, or detailed energy reports. If you want more precise control, better integration with your smart home system, and improved build quality, investing in a higher-priced model makes sense. Keep in mind that many manufacturers offer rebates or discounts, which can substantially lower the actual cost. When choosing, consider long-term savings through energy efficiency and potential utility rebates—these can make a more expensive thermostat worthwhile over time. Balancing your budget with the features you need ensures you get the best value without overspending.
Frequently Asked Questions
How Do Smart Thermostats Improve Energy Efficiency?
Smart thermostats improve energy efficiency by learning my schedule and adjusting the temperature accordingly, so I don’t waste energy heating or cooling when I’m not home. They also monitor my usage patterns and provide insights to optimize settings. With remote control via my phone, I can make quick adjustments, preventing unnecessary energy consumption. Overall, they help me save money while keeping my home comfortable.
Can Smart Thermostats Be Integrated With Existing Home Automation Systems?
Yes, smart thermostats can be integrated with existing home automation systems. I’ve found that most modern models are compatible with popular platforms like Alexa, Google Home, and Apple HomeKit. This allows me to control my climate settings seamlessly through voice commands or automation routines. Just make certain your system supports these integrations, and you’ll enjoy a more connected, convenient home environment without needing to replace your entire setup.
What Security Features Protect Smart Thermostat Data?
Smart thermostats protect your data with robust security features like encryption, secure Wi-Fi protocols, and regular firmware updates. I always make sure my device has strong passwords and two-factor authentication enabled. Manufacturers also implement firewalls and intrusion detection systems to prevent unauthorized access. It’s essential to stay vigilant, keep your software current, and review privacy settings regularly to guarantee your home climate remains safe and private.
Are There Voice Control Options for All Smart Thermostats?
Most smart thermostats offer voice control options, and I find this feature incredibly convenient. Whether I’m adjusting the temperature, setting schedules, or checking energy usage, I can do it all hands-free through popular voice assistants like Alexa, Google Assistant, or Siri. Not every model supports every voice platform, but I recommend choosing one that’s compatible with your preferred assistant for seamless control and effortless home climate management.
How Do Smart Thermostats Adapt to Seasonal Temperature Changes?
Smart thermostats adapt to seasonal temperature changes by learning from your adjustments and daily routines. I’ve seen them automatically lower or raise the temperature as seasons shift, ensuring comfort without extra effort. They use sensors and algorithms to optimize heating and cooling schedules, saving energy while keeping my home cozy. You don’t need to manually change settings; they intuitively respond to changing weather patterns for seamless climate control.
Conclusion
With these top smart thermostats, you’ll transform your home into a climate-controlled paradise—effortlessly perfect, energy-efficient, and smarter than you ever imagined. Say goodbye to temperature battles and hello to comfort on autopilot. The future of home heating and cooling is in your hands, and trust me, once you upgrade, you’ll wonder how you ever managed without these genius devices. Prepare to live in the coolest, most comfortable home you’ve ever dreamed of!
